Above Ground vs. Underground Storm Shelters: Which Is Right for Your Family?

Key Takeaways

• If you have family members who cannot navigate stairs or are more comfortable with a quicker, more convenient option, above-ground storm shelters provide the accessibility you need. While they are flood-resistant, they can be vulnerable to flying debris during high impact storms.

• Underground storm shelters offer superior defense against extreme winds and projectiles as they are situated below ground. They do offer aesthetic appeal and shelter from storm debris, but they can create accessibility issues and risk water intrusion.

• Each shelter type has different safety, accessibility and installation needs that should be considered. Consider your family’s individual needs, such as mobility, space availability, and risk of local weather.

• Budget is going to be a big consideration. Above-ground shelters are generally more adaptable in terms of where they can be installed. Underground shelters usually incur greater site prep expenses.

• Thoughtful regular cleaning, inspection, and maintenance are critical for both shelter types to keep them functional and safe for years to come.

• Ultimately, the best above-ground vs underground storm shelter decision will come down to your family’s size, any special needs, climate conditions, and long-term safety goals. Consider every element so you can make the best decision for your family.

When it comes to safety during severe weather, above-ground and underground storm shelters offer the same dependable level of protection. Above-ground shelters are a great option for families who might need to access them quickly, as they can be installed in garages or close to home entrances. They are the best option for individuals who have mobility issues, sidestepping the need to climb stairs.

Additionally, underground shelters offer greater protection from intense winds and flying debris. Typically, they are built below ground level in residential yards or in the below-grade levels of homes. Due to their impermeability, they are famous for their sturdiness and their capacity of remaining cooler in more tropical climates.

Choosing between the two depends on factors like family size, location, and personal preferences. Knowing these key differences will help you determine whether an above-ground or underground storm shelter is ideal for your family’s safety and peace of mind.

What Are Storm Shelters?

Storm shelters are purpose-built enclosures, usually located in residences or businesses or near outdoor facilities, that protect occupants from extreme weather, especially tornadoes and hurricanes. Their main function is to shield their occupants from deadly circumstances, such as extreme winds, debris projectiles, and building failures.

These shelters, which can be above-ground or below-ground, have distinct advantages and disadvantages.

Definition of Storm Shelters

Above-ground shelters, such as ground tornado shelters, are popular for their ease of access and flexibility in placement. Usually, you have them placed inside garages or other convenient locations. They’re much easier to design to sit flush with the ground and prevent water from breaching.

Made from robust materials such as steel, these shelters go above and beyond FEMA standards, providing the highest level of safety. In fact, every study conducted on above-ground safe room failures – Texas Tech University’s research found no evidence of such failures whatsoever.

Other advantages are flood resistance and flexibility to install in more locations. However, they still leave residents vulnerable to direct debris impact, something families might want to think twice about when considering the right storm shelter.

Underground shelters, including precast storm shelters, are located below the ground’s surface, providing superior protection from violent winds and flying debris. They’re especially popular in tornado-prone regions such as Oklahoma City and Tulsa.

Space efficiency offers a huge cost-saving benefit. We can’t stop there—we need to discuss barriers like water intrusion and inaccessibility for people with mobility impairments, which can affect the effectiveness of any storm protection solution.

Types of Storm Shelters

Feature	Above-Ground Shelters	Underground Shelters
Safety	Tested to FEMA standards; durable steel	Withstands extreme conditions; debris-safe
Accessibility	Easy entry, even for mobility-impaired users	May pose challenges for some individuals
Space & Storage	Utilizes garage or indoor spaces	Efficient but limited surface usage
Installation	Quick setup; adaptable to existing structures	Requires excavation and site preparation

Above-Ground Storm Shelters

Above-ground storm shelters are a highly effective, proven solution to keep your loved ones safe when tornados and other extreme weather strike. How safe are above-ground storm shelters? They’re built to withstand the most extreme storms and give you confidence with the right design and upkeep.

By considering factors like family size, location, budget, and long-term safety, you can determine if this type of shelter fits your needs.

Features of Above-Ground Shelters

As opposed to an underground shelter, above-ground shelters need less extensive site preparation. Begin as you would with any other shelter, with a prepared and level surface, such as concrete slab. After that, ensure the door area is free of any debris.

Some models can even be retrofitted into existing garages or basements for even more convenience. Having professional services ensure exact anchoring is made during installation. Above-ground shelters make it easy to meet FEMA standards, such as those offered by Valley Storm Shelter’s CORELOCK™ anchoring system.

For the experienced and well-equipped, some shelters can be installed as a DIY project. Remember that professional installation usually takes less time and minimizes the possibility of mistakes. The installation process usually only takes one to two days, depending on the model and site conditions.

This is quicker than many underground options, which can be attractive to families seeking to avoid disruption.

Safety Aspects of Above-Ground Shelters

Routine inspections, including pre- and post-storm systems, are key to ensuring above-ground shelters’ safety. Regular inspections for structural integrity, anchor stability, and door functionality will keep the storm shelter in good working order.

FEMA-compliant shelters, such as the above-ground shelters Texas Tech University has tested, have shown to stand up against severe weather. Routine cleaning, like clearing away debris and changing out air filters, keeps the shelter clean and functional.

In time, small repairs will be required, including replacing seals or wear on anchor points. Committing to ongoing maintenance will help them last and protect families for years to come.

Benefits of Above-Ground Shelters

Above-ground storm shelters are more attainable for families of all sizes, including those with limited mobility options. Their GPS locatability greatly increases rescue efforts should that unfortunate need arise.

Certified designs, such as those verified by the NSSA, have a proven record of protecting families during storms, making them a reliable option.

Limitations of Above-Ground Shelters

While above-ground shelters have clear advantages, they are often more space-intensive and need to be thoughtfully sited in areas that face the greatest risk. Initial expenses for each of these options may be greater than for underground shelters.

Though they’re more costly at times, their convenience and reliability often outweigh the investment.

Underground Storm Shelters

Underground storm shelters are a proven and time-tested option for families seeking effective shelter from dangerous storms. These ground tornado shelters are the go-to option in metro areas such as Oklahoma City and Tulsa, providing robust protection against severe weather events, particularly in communities often impacted by tornadoes.

Features of underground shelters

In truth, underground shelters are built with extreme durability and functionality. Constructed from materials such as reinforced steel or concrete, these shelters are designed to withstand the most dire circumstances. They meet or exceed FEMA standards, providing peace of mind that their performance has been thoroughly and aggressively tested.

Just about every model available now comes with integrated GPS technology. This new feature makes sure that they stay accessible, even in the wake of storm debris.

Safety aspects of underground shelters

Safety is the most important defining feature of below-ground storm shelters. These structures are designed to handle windloads of 300 mph, or the same force as an EF-5 tornado. They provide an unexpected benefit, serving as a safe space from would-be intruders.

Their below-ground location offers natural protection, reducing the risk of flying debris or structural collapse.

Benefits of underground shelters

Privacy becomes a big benefit of underground shelters, as their low-profile design ensures families can utilize effective shelter options like a home tornado shelter without attracting unwanted attention.

Installation

Their process is streamlined, frequently taking just a few days – not weeks. Once properly installed, these ground tornado shelters provide the ultimate peace of mind – assurance that you have a safe haven designed to face even nature’s most destructive forces.

Limitations of underground shelters

While underground shelters offer many advantages, there are still things to take into account. Access is an issue for people with mobility impairments, since they typically need stairs to get inside.

In places with high water tables, installation of these shelters is not tenable, because flooding could risk drowning those seeking shelter.

Comparing Above-Ground and Underground Shelters

As you make your decision between a ground tornado shelter or an underground option for storm protection, consider your personal safety and accessibility requirements. Additionally, evaluate space, building code requirements, cost, and upkeep. Each shelter design has its strengths, so the right storm shelter will be the one that best fits your family’s individual needs and priorities.

1. Safety During Severe Storms

Whether above-ground or below, the goal is the same — extreme weather protection. Additional research from Texas Tech University has shown that above-ground safe rooms are equally as dependable as their underground counterparts. Curiously, there have been no known failures for either choice.

Both above-ground and underground shelters meet and often exceed FEMA standards, providing reliable protection. Underground shelters are the norm, as in… …Oklahoma City. Above-ground shelters have additional advantages, including the ability to be equipped with GPS location tracking, which can be invaluable during emergencies.

2. Accessibility for All Family Members

Above-ground shelters are more accessible, especially for those with mobility challenges, as they remove the need to navigate stairs. Families with older adults or young children would likely consider this option more feasible.

Underground shelters, though safe from extreme weather, may present additional accessibility issues based on their design and site.

3. Space and Storage Considerations

Above-ground shelters frequently serve a secondary purpose as a storage space, housing emergency supplies or personal belongings. When it comes to protection, underground shelters are the best option.

They are frequently space constrained themselves, particularly if installed in confined spaces such as garages or yards.

4. Installation and Construction Needs

Above-ground shelters can be built quickly, in some cases within a few days. Underground options can take weeks due to the need for excavation.

Above ground units have the additional flexibility of being placed indoors or attached to other existing structures.

5. Cost Differences and Affordability

Cost depends on design, size and installation needs, but can be relatively inexpensive. Underground shelters are overall much more expensive due to excavation and structural requirements.

Aboveground models can provide a more cost-effective alternative while still ensuring the safety and peace of mind that comes with a shelter.

6. Maintenance and Upkeep Requirements

Above-ground shelters require more maintenance because they are subject to penetration from above, but not the surrounding pressure from groundwater, which can destroy underground units.

Consistent monitoring for leaks and draining systems are thus critical to underground options to maintain long-term reliability.

Factors to Consider for Your Family

When deciding whether to build a ground tornado shelter or an underground option, several important factors come into play. Both shelters offer robust protection to keep your family safe during severe weather events. Understanding your family’s specific situation will greatly assist you in choosing the right storm shelter for your home.

Family size and special needs

Your family’s size has a huge effect on how much capacity you need in a shelter. Above-ground shelters are generally more accessible. This connectedness is especially important for families that include seniors, people with limited mobility, or young children.

For example, a wheelchair user might choose an above-ground shelter because there are no stairs to traverse. This design makes it more convenient and attractive for them. Underground shelters could involve stairs or ladders to access, presenting challenges for some individuals.

Above-ground options are customizable to include wider doors, ramps, etc., tailored to specific accessibility needs.

Location and climate conditions

Your geographic location and the risks your local weather poses are a big factor. In disaster-prone regions such as the Midwest and Gulf Coast, the dangers of water intrusion become much greater with underground shelters. Thus, they are not ideal as safe havens when floods occur.

Texas Tech University’s Wind Science and Engineering researchers constructed the shelters to withstand EF5 tornadoes. These shelters have shown their success time and time again — even in Moore, OK. Providing GPS tracking for above-ground options increases safety by allowing emergency responders to locate occupants quickly.

Budget and financial constraints

Budgetary considerations usually dictate the decision between types of shelter. Above-ground shelters, such as hardened homes or safe rooms, may be less costly at times because they have easier installation procedures. Either choice needs to be well-anchored to survive and be safe.

With underground shelters, excavation makes labor costs higher, and other steps may have to be taken to avoid pests or water seeping inside. Being able to compare installation and maintenance costs upfront allows you to make the best financial decision long-term.

Long-term safety priorities

While both forms of shelter withstand strict safety testing, their long-term durability and maintenance varies greatly. Above-ground shelters, if secured to the ground appropriately, hold up well against corrosion and pest concerns.

Underground shelters are just as safe during storms, but they require regular maintenance to keep them properly sealed against moisture intrusion.

Reliability of above-ground shelters In practice, above-ground shelters have proven themselves in real-world situations. In recent disasters, like the 2011 Joplin, MO tornado, these public shelters survived where residences did not.

These examples buttress their capacity to deliver enduring safeguard.

Installation Considerations for Storm Shelters

Selecting the right storm shelter is only half of the equation. Proper installation of ground tornado shelters is key to ensuring functionality during severe weather events. Understanding the installation process will guarantee effective shelter performance when damaging storms strike.

Site Preparation Requirements

Where you install your storm shelter is arguably the most important factor in its effectiveness. First-floor installations or basements are best, offering straightforward access and stable ground support.

Select your garage wisely for the install. The shelter will be installed flush with the floor, raised only a half inch to protect against flooding. With proper site preparation, the shelter can be safely anchored to the ground and any concerns about pests or water infiltration can be avoided.

Without secure installation, issues like vermin infestations can occur—making the storm shelter unsafe at the time it’s needed most.

Professional vs DIY Installation

Even though DIY installation might initially appear cheaper, opting for professional installation ensures that your storm shelter will meet all required safety standards.

Our shelters, tested by the Texas Tech Wind Science and Engineering Research Center, meet EF-5 tornado resistance levels, withstanding 300 mph winds. As a Producer Member of the American Tornado Shelter Association, we build shelters equipped with an intimate understanding of tornado dynamics.

Professional installation means professional anchoring, lessening any long-term risk.

Time and Labor Involved

Not only is professional installation much faster and more accurate, it can be done in as little as a day, based on site conditions.

DIY projects can be far more time-consuming, needing tools and expertise that most laypeople don’t possess. Always consult a FamilySAFE representative to ensure proper installation to meet your unique needs.

Maintenance Needs for Storm Shelters

Proper storm shelter maintenance is critical to ensure they’re a safe and reliable option when severe weather strikes. No matter if you decide on an above-ground shelter or an underground shelter, maintenance needs are a factor. Preventative maintenance will help your shelter stay safe, clean, and operational when you need it the most.

Below, we’ll discuss some of the most important maintenance tasks to ensure your shelter is ready when it’s needed most.

Regular Inspections for Safety

Routine inspections are key to maintaining storm shelters. It’s a good idea to check on your shelter at least twice per year. During these inspections, pay special attention to the door and locking systems to ensure they are functioning properly and can secure the shelter.

Look for cracks, corrosion, or other damage that may compromise the structure’s strength and safety. Make sure the shelter is anchored adequately. This is especially important for above-ground units.

For belowground shelters placed in garages or basements, ensure that they are still watertight to prevent flooding damage to the shelter itself.

Cleaning and Upkeep Tasks

Routine cleaning will ensure that insects and vermin do not set up residence, which could become a danger in an emergency situation. Seal any gaps or openings to prevent pests, and maintain a clean interior void of clutter.

Red Dog Shelters delivers pre-fabricated, above-ground shelters that are mobile and do not need to be installed. These features provide a lot of design flexibility and help clean considerably easier.

Repair Requirements Over Time

Eventually, such repairs should become routine to keep the shelter resilient. Replacing damaged door hinges, resealing cracks, or correcting corrosion are frequent items on these lists.

In garage installations, make sure the shelter is installed so it is a bit elevated—about a half-inch or so—to avoid water coming in. Timely fixes help to maximize the shelter’s lifespan, ensuring it remains a reliable resource.

Conclusion

Above-ground shelters provide convenient access and varied installation capabilities. Meanwhile, underground shelters provide a naturally-occurring barrier from extreme winds and debris. Each has its strengths. Which one is best for you will depend on your available space, budget, and comfort level.

No matter which type you choose, investing in a storm shelter will give you peace of mind knowing you’re providing an added level of protection to your family members. Consider the other variables as well, including durability, maintenance and installation before making a purchase. Whether above ground or below, a well-selected storm shelter will be the difference between life and death when severe weather comes calling.

Still not sure which storm shelter is right for your family? JT Services can help you compare your options and choose the best fit for your home.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the purpose of a storm shelter?

During severe weather events such as tornadoes or hurricanes, a dedicated tornado shelter serves as a secure refuge, providing robust protection for your family against dangerous conditions. It’s built to survive the worst conditions – high winds, severe flying debris, and torrential rains.

Are above-ground storm shelters safe?

Above-ground storm shelters, such as precast storm shelters, are safe! They are designed to exceed FEMA standards and provide robust protection against EF5 tornadoes with their durable, steel-reinforced concrete construction.

How does an underground storm shelter work?

Underground storm shelters provide robust protection from damaging storms by being built below the surface, which offers natural safety against high winds and flying debris. These shelters, often made of steel or concrete, are designed with strong doors to ensure your family’s security during severe weather events.

Which is better: above-ground or underground storm shelters?

The decision really comes down to what you and your family need. Above-ground tornado shelters may be worth considering if any members of your family have mobility issues, while underground shelters offer robust protection from debris and high wind.

How do I choose the right storm shelter for my family?

Be sure to factor in accessibility, available space, number of family members, and your budget when considering tornado shelters. If you have elderly relatives or are looking for wheelchair accessibility, a dedicated above-ground storm shelter may be the right choice for you. For more dense yards, consider going with a ground tornado shelter.

How long does it take to install a storm shelter?

The length of time it takes to install a storm shelter, such as a reliable ground tornado shelter, varies. Most above-ground shelters can be installed in a single day, while underground shelters require 2 to 3 days due to excavation work.

Do storm shelters require maintenance?

Yes, pausing to provide ongoing maintenance is wonderful. Inspect the doors, seals, and ventilation systems each year. With underground shelters, particularly ground tornado shelters, ensure they are properly designed to keep moisture and water leaks out.