Above Ground vs Below Ground Storm Shelters: Making the Right Choice

Key Takeaways

• Storm shelters are essential in protecting people and their families from these extreme weather disasters such as tornadoes. In fact, you have several options to choose from, including above-ground and below-ground structures.

• Above ground shelters are accessible, with the ability to be installed where it’s most convenient, and produced to the highest quality standards, dispelling myths of their storm proof capabilities.

• Below-ground shelters provide the best protection from extreme winds and flying debris. To prevent flooding, it’s important to be responsible with drainage systems and extensive site preparation.

• Regardless of location, construct above-ground and below-ground shelters according to the highest safety standards. This is to guarantee strength and protection for occupants during severe storms.

• When selecting a storm shelter, consider which types of weather your area is prone to. In addition to these considerations, account for your household size, budget, and installation space.

• Your local building codes and regulations are crucial to properly installing your shelter. Always work with licensed and experienced design professionals who are familiar with these compliance obligations.

Choosing between above ground and below ground storm shelters can depend on several factors, including your location, budget, and personal preferences. Either choice offers reliable shelter from the worst of storm conditions.

Each option has distinct advantages that may be more appropriate for you. Since above ground shelters are more accessible, they are the best option for people with mobility issues.

On the other hand, below ground shelters provide superior protection by shielding occupants from extreme winds and debris. Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of both types allows you to make the best decision for your situation.

Whether you’re putting convenience or above-ground safety first, learning more about both options will leave you ready for whatever unpredictable weather Mother Nature throws your way.

What Are Storm Shelters

Definition of Storm Shelters

Storm shelters are specific, purpose-built structures that protect you during severe weather, typically tornadoes. Their engineering prioritizes withstanding the worst of high winds and airborne debris, so they’re a reliable choice when disaster hits.

These shelters can be freestanding or incorporated into residences and structures, providing options for individuals who want extra safety at home. To work as intended, storm shelters should adhere to rigorous safety guidelines, like those set by FEMA.

Valley Storm Shelters produces aboveground shelters, built with ¼-inch steel plate wall, floor and door construction. The safety these shelters provide is unmatched, able to stand up to winds as high as 300 mph—the wind speed of an EF-5 tornado.

In a study conducted by researchers at Texas Tech University, no evidence has ever been found of above-ground safe room failures, thus reinforcing the reliability of these shelters. To ensure storm shelters stay safe and critter-free, proper installation—including 100% anchoring—is critical.

Purpose of Storm Shelters

The central purpose of a storm shelter is to offer short-term refuge from tornadoes and dangerous storms. These shelters act as a community hub in which families can be protected and hunkered down in a time of disaster.

In addition to seeking safety, many homeowners now use them for storing long-term supplies, such as food or water. In places such as Oklahoma, where storms are a near daily occurrence, storm shelters save lives, saving people their homes as well.

Types of Storm Shelters

Storm shelters generally fall into two categories: above-ground and below-ground. Above-ground shelters are popular due to ease of access and the flexibility to install above-ground shelters anywhere makes them a convenient option for many.

These shelters, like those from Valley Storm Shelters, can be located using GPS, offering peace of mind and increasing home value. On the other hand, below-ground shelters are valued because they can take more beating and offer superior protection from severe weather.

Above Ground Storm Shelters

Because above-ground storm shelters are constructed at ground level, they are quick and easy to access even during emergencies. These above ground shelters are very flexible solutions that can be installed in attached garages, stand-alone garages, closets, or in some cases outdoors.

Installed by a qualified professional, these above-ground units provide the same protection from deadly tornadoes and other severe weather as their below-ground counterparts.

Safety Features of Above Ground Shelters

As described, above-ground shelters are specifically designed to withstand harsh elements. Though above ground, they are built to withstand the most damaging winds and debris found in tornadoes and hurricanes.

Many use durable materials like quarter-inch steel plates for walls, floors, and doors, reinforced with steel corners and structural channels. For aboveground shelters, proper anchorage is everything when it comes to their stability.

Systems such as CORELOCK™ anchors and industrial adhesives keep things in place, even in 300 mph, EF-5 tornado conditions. Above ground storm shelters are rigorously tested, and studies conducted by Texas Tech University verify their effectiveness and reliability.

Benefits of Above Ground Shelters

The ease of access is a major highlight. Unlike underground shelters, these are designed to be accessible to people with limited mobility, providing fast entry in emergency situations.

Unlike typical shelters, these can be installed in homes without basements too, like in garages, with flush installation preventing flooding. When not in use, these can serve as secure storage, even functional spaces.

Common Misconceptions About Above Ground Shelters

Additionally, some people think above-ground shelters are inherently less safe than underground shelters, but again, there’s no evidence that this is the case.

In fact studies, even those funded by state of Texas and conducted by Texas Tech University, show zero failures in above-ground safe rooms. State-of-the-art designs, built to rigorous safety standards, put to rest the myth of insufficient protection.

Case studies from NSSA-verified above ground manufacturers illustrate they are equally resilient as underground alternatives.

Below Ground Storm Shelters

Below-ground storm shelters, as the name implies, are constructed below ground. They provide the highest level of protection when severe weather, such as a tornado or thunderstorm, strikes. Builders often use highly durable materials such as reinforced concrete and steel to build these shelters. This is so they remain safe even in the most extreme conditions.

Many people consider them the safest choice, especially in areas prone to dangerous storms, due to their ability to shield occupants from high winds and flying debris.

Safety Features of Below Ground Shelters

Below ground shelters are located entirely underneath the earth, providing a natural advantage against extreme weather. Their below ground existence makes them less susceptible to flying debris or wind forces. Their structural integrity is usually strengthened with reinforced walls and ceilings so they can withstand considerable pressure.

Proper ventilation systems are essential, ensuring fresh air circulation, and emergency escape routes are included to maintain safety in case of blocked entrances. For instance, shelters in Oklahoma must be built to withstand this kind of force thanks to the state’s regular tornadoes.

Benefits of Below Ground Shelters

Aside from being the most affordable option, one of the major advantages of below-ground shelters lies in the safe haven they offer. When sited appropriately, they are able to withstand potential flood risks with engineered drainage systems.

The underground environment provides psychological relief, aiding in the alleviation of anxiety during storm events. Their privacy makes them ideal for safety outside of weather events, like protection from intruders. They can be installed in a matter of days, which makes them the most practical option.

Common Misconceptions About Below Ground Shelters

One of the biggest myths about below-ground shelters is that they all fill with water during a rainstorm. Proactive site preparation and drainage systems make all the difference in avoiding this problem.

A second myth is that they are hard to get to during an emergency. With built-in features such as GPS location and easy entry designs, this concern is mitigated. These considerations combined make them the most durable and safest option.

Comparing Above Ground and Below Ground Shelters

1. Structural durability and protection

Above-ground shelters are built with heavy gauge steel or reinforced concrete, providing superior protection from tornadoes and high winds. Below-ground shelters, frequently constructed of reinforced concrete or fiberglass, offer protection by using the ground itself as an extra line of defense.

While both options can meet FEMA standards, above ground options don’t put residents at risk from hazards such as flooding often found in underground units. Studies by Texas Tech University found no documented cases of above-ground failures, dispelling long-held misconceptions about their safety.

2. Accessibility and ease of use

Above ground shelters shine in their ease of access, particularly for seniors or people with mobility disabilities. With zero-step entry, they provide fast access during a crisis.

Below-ground shelters, on the other hand, necessitate the use of steps or a hatch, potentially delaying access. Mobility and other concerns make above-ground models the more viable option for many families.

3. Space and installation requirements

Above-ground shelters can easily be incorporated into a garage, basement or even more conveniently outside with minimal setup. Buried shelters require excavation, which may not be viable for homes with little yard space.

Local building codes and soil conditions further complicate installation feasibility.

4. Maintenance needs and costs

Above-ground shelters are usually easier to maintain, since they aren’t subject to water-related concerns such as flooding from below ground. Underground shelters will face extra costs for moisture management.

No matter what kind of shelter you have, budgeting for maintenance is key to making sure it stays operable.

5. Suitability for different weather conditions

Above ground shelters are the best option for areas that experience frequent tornadoes, because they are built to survive flying debris and winds over 250 mph.

Below-ground units are desirable in many states such as Oklahoma, but flooding risk may be an issue. Evaluating the weather in your immediate area makes sure you make the right decision for your safety.

Factors to Consider When Choosing

Assess your location and weather risks

Your local weather risks should first inform your decision about which storm shelter to choose. For instance, places like Oklahoma City or Tulsa are subject to frequent tornadoes, so underground shelters are a desirable choice.

Look at past climatology and storm data in your area and region. Are tornadoes, hurricanes, or other severe storms frequent? If so, understanding your unique risks will go a long way in guiding your options.

Storms present all kinds of dangers depending on their type; your shelter should be equipped to counter your region’s specific threats.

Evaluate your household needs and size

Household size is a major factor in choosing a shelter. A family of four needs more living space than a young couple. This becomes particularly important if you seek to make sure that everybody remains happy and cozy during extended queues.

Don’t neglect consideration of pets, as well. If other members of your family have mobility challenges, look for an above-ground shelter.

With CORELOCK™ anchoring systems, these shelters provide increased protection from storm damage and a safer, more stable entry. Above-ground shelters are every bit as safe as underground shelters, according to Texas Tech University researchers.

Consider your budget and space availability

Budget and where you have space are large factors. Above-ground shelters can be placed in a basement or garage, preserving yard space.

Underground shelters can be small and easy to conceal, but they require significant drainage to prevent creating a pest haven. Grants or financing options can help cover or lower costs, so be sure to look at every available option.

Check local building codes and regulations

Always consult your local building codes prior to installation. FEMA-compliant shelters are rigorously tested for wind speeds as high as 300 mph, providing rock-solid assurance.

Collaborate with licensed professionals that are familiar with these requirements to make sure the shelter is safe, effective, and in compliance.

Addressing Common Myths About Storm Shelters

Above ground shelters are not safe

Above-ground shelters cannot provide the necessary protection from dangerous storms, especially in tornado-prone regions like Tornado Alley. Modern engineering has demonstrated just the opposite; Lindell and Elting from Texas Tech University found no evidence of above-ground safe room failures, even during catastrophic events. For effective storm protection, underground tornado shelters are an excellent choice.

Storm Shelters of Iowa and Valley Storm Shelters are leaders in designing ground tornado shelters that comply with stringent safety standards. They have set a precedent for exacting safety measures, with Storm Shelters of Iowa using 1/4-inch steel as the standard in their structures. These shelters come fully equipped with bulletproof polyurethane windows, providing dual protection from storms and unwanted visitors.

Valley Storm Shelters’ designs are engineered to withstand winds exceeding 300 mph, comparable to the force of an EF-5 tornado. This remarkable strength is achieved through premium-quality steel and patented anchoring technology, ensuring robust protection.

These shelters undergo independent testing at facilities like the National Wind Institute, certifying that they meet the highest safety standards available, making them a reliable choice for homeowners seeking effective tornado shelter solutions.

Below ground shelters always flood

It’s a common misconception to think below-ground shelters are at risk of flooding, which is inaccurate in many cases. Adequate drainage systems and site preparation are central to preventing water from pooling.

Most successful designs either include features to account for water, such as a sump pump, or elevated foundations. Ground Zero Shelters, for example, makes sure their installations solve for water issues, so shelters stay dry even in the worst of storms.

Real-world case studies have confirmed that below-ground shelters, when properly constructed, continue to be reliable and safe.

Storm shelters are unnecessary for certain areas

Myth #2 Storm shelters are only necessary in areas that have tornadoes all the time. Severe weather can strike anywhere, all of a sudden, and being prepared is essential no matter where you are.

Tornadoes have been reported even on grounds once thought to be too far from danger, surprising those who take cover there. No matter where you live, having a storm shelter gives you the peace of mind and protection you deserve.

Safety experts point out that the true cost of not being storm-ready is far more than the investment into safety. Given that risk, a shelter is a worthwhile component of any emergency preparedness plan.

Conclusion

Both below ground and above ground storm shelters provide ultimate safety during all severe weather, but both have different advantages to be considered. Above ground shelters are more accessible and convenient to install. With below ground shelters, you’re provided with an extra layer of security by being hidden from the storm’s surface destruction below ground.

Consider your available space, budget, mobility requirements and the tendency of severe weather in your area. Below are all of the important factors that should lead your decision in order to help you choose the shelter that is right for you and your family. Look into reputable manufacturers and installers to ensure you receive the best and most trustworthy option.

Safety and peace of mind is what it’s all about. Protect your family today from the storms of tomorrow. It’s being prepared that creates the real difference when storms come in your direction.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main purpose of a storm shelter?

A storm shelter is one of the best ways to protect you and your family during severe weather events, such as tornadoes and hurricanes. This underground tornado shelter is designed to withstand extreme wind speeds and harsh conditions, providing robust protection when riding out a storm in your home is not feasible.

Are above-ground storm shelters safe?

Yes, above ground storm shelters can provide robust protection as long as they meet FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) standards. These effective tornado shelters should resist extreme wind speeds and flying debris, delivering equal protection to underground tornado shelters when constructed properly.

What are the benefits of above-ground storm shelters?

Above-ground tornado shelters are more accessible, which is particularly important for those with mobility challenges. They can be placed in garages or even in homes themselves, removing the need to step outside in inclement weather. These effective shelters prevent risks such as flooding, which is a concern with underground storm shelters.

Do below-ground storm shelters flood easily?

Below-ground storm shelters, such as effective tornado shelters, are prone to flooding without proper installation and maintenance. Particularly in prone regions with a high water table, they are more susceptible to water intrusion. Installing effective sealing and drainage systems can significantly minimize the risk.

How do I choose between above-ground and below-ground storm shelters?

Consider your location, mobility requirements, and risk factors like flooding when choosing effective tornado shelters. While above-ground options offer accessibility, underground storm shelters often provide a greater sense of security during extreme weather conditions. Always opt for ground tornado shelters that meet FEMA standards for maximum protection.

Are storm shelters required in tornado-prone areas?

While storm shelters may not be legally mandated, they are strongly advised in tornado-prone regions like Tornado Alley, offering homeowners peace of mind and robust protection when disaster strikes.

Do storm shelters add value to your home?

Do storm shelters, such as underground tornado shelters, increase home value? Buyers in storm-prone areas often view effective shelters as a value-added amenity, providing safety, security, and peace of mind, which can give your property a significant market advantage.